Less loaded names for hazing are otrzęsiny (related to the verb otrząsać 'get over, rally' but also 'shake off/out'-as being a novice is a negative state that should be quit) and chrzciny mentioned above. Other popular tasks include measuring a long distance (i.e. It often features cat-related activities, like competitive milk-drinking. In Polish schools, hazing is known as kocenie (literally 'catting', coming from the noun kot cat). At education establishments in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka, this practice involves existing students baiting new students and is called ragging. A similar equivalent term exists in the Russian military, where a hazing phenomenon known as dedovshchina ( дедовщи́на) exists, meaning roughly 'grandfather' or the slang term 'gramps' (referring to the senior corps of soldiers in their final year of conscription). In the Italian military, instead, the term used was nonnismo, from nonno (literally 'grandfather'), a jargon term used for the soldiers who had already served for most of their draft period. In Brazil, it is called trote and is usually practiced at universities by older students ( doutores and veteranos) against newcomers ( calouros) in the first week of their first semester. In Portugal, the term praxe, which literally means 'practice' or 'habit', is used for initiation. In Swedish, the term used is nollning, literally 'zeroing'. In Latvian, the word iesvētības, which literally means 'in-blessings', is used, also standing for religious rites of passage, especially confirmation. baptême in Belgian French, doop in Belgian Dutch, chrzciny in Polish) or variations on a theme of naïveté and the rite of passage such as a derivation from a term for freshman, for example bizutage in European French, ontgroening ('de- greening') in Dutch and Afrikaans (South Africa and Namibia), novatada in Spanish, from novato, meaning newcomer or rookie or a combination of both, such as in the Finnish mopokaste (literally 'moped baptism'). In some languages, terms with a religious theme or etymology are preferred, such as baptism or purgatory (e.g. ( November 2020) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message) Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section. This section needs additional citations for verification.
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